Wisdom Tooth Extraction
Wisdom tooth extraction is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in a dental office. It is performed when the third molars, known as “wisdom teeth,” are causing problems, do not have enough room to erupt, or are growing in the wrong direction. Although it may seem like a routine procedure, it is important to understand why and how wisdom tooth extraction is performed, what the risks are, and what the recovery process involves.
What are wisdom teeth, and why are they removed?
Wisdom teeth are the last third molars in the back of the mouth, which usually erupt between the ages of 17 and 25. In the past, they were important for processing hard, unprocessed food, but today, due to modern diets and smaller jaw sizes, they often do not have enough room to grow normally.
Wisdom teeth are extracted when they cause pain or pressure in the jaw; they grow in at an angle or remain partially covered by the gum (called impaction); they damage neighboring teeth; they create pockets in which bacteria accumulate and increase the risk of infection; and they worsen the position of other teeth after orthodontic treatment.
Wisdom tooth extraction process
Before the procedure itself, the doctor will perform a clinical examination and take an X-ray or 3D image to determine the position and condition of the tooth. Extraction can be simple if the tooth is fully erupted and easily accessible, or surgical. If the tooth is completely or partially embedded in the bone, it requires a surgery during which there is an incision made in the gum and part of the bone is removed.
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia, sometimes with the option of sedation for anxious patients. In more complex cases, especially with multiple teeth at once, general anesthesia may be used.
The actual wisdom tooth extraction itself takes several minutes to half an hour, depending on the complexity. After the tooth is removed, the doctor will clean the wound, possibly suture it, and provide instructions for home care.
Recovery after the procedure
Healing after wisdom teeth extraction usually takes 7-10 days, but the bone and tissues do not fully heal until several weeks. Common post-operative symptoms include swelling, mild pain, limited ability to open the mouth, and minor bleeding. Following your dentist’s instructions for oral hygiene is very important for healing.
Possible risks and complications
Although wisdom tooth extraction is considered a safe procedure, complications can occur, such as:
- Dry socket (alveolitis) – a painful condition caused by insufficient blood clotting.
- Infection – characterized by pain, swelling, purulent discharge and fever.
- Nerve damage – a rare complication that can cause temporary numbness of the lip, chin, or tongue.
- Prolonged bleeding – usually stops after applying firm pressure to the wound with sterile gauze.
Risks can be minimized by using proper technique, careful home care, and following all medical instructions.
In Conclusion
Wisdom tooth extraction is a common dental procedure that can significantly help prevent future problems with the teeth and jaw. Although it may seem routine, it requires careful planning, professional execution, and responsible home care for trouble-free healing.
Proper information about the procedure, possible risks, and recovery process helps patients feel calmer and more cooperative with the healing process. Thanks to modern technology, quality anesthesia, and experienced professionals, wisdom tooth extraction is now a quick and safe solution for most people. Call us today to find out more about wisdom tooth extraction.