Exposed tooth roots happen when the gums pull away from the teeth. Once the root is exposed, the tooth can become sensitive, painful, or easier to damage. It can also be harder to keep clean. Exposed roots are a common issue faced by many people each year. If you notice that a tooth looks longer than it used to, or you feel pain near the gumline, it is worth having it checked. Read on to learn more about how exposed tooth roots are fixed.
What causes exposed roots?
The most common cause is gum disease. When plaque and tartar build up around the gumline, the gums can become inflamed. Over time, they may pull away from the teeth. This can expose the roots and create pockets where more bacteria can collect.
Brushing too hard can also cause gum recession. A hard toothbrush or heavy pressure can slowly wear down the gum tissue. Other causes include teeth grinding, smoking, injury, aging, genetics, and teeth that are crowded or out of alignment.
What are the signs of exposed roots?
Exposed roots often cause sensitivity. You may feel discomfort when drinking something cold, eating something sweet, or brushing near the gums. You may also notice that one tooth looks longer than the others or that the gumline has become uneven. Some people have bleeding gums, swelling, bad breath, or a loose tooth.
Can you fix exposed roots at home?
You cannot grow gum tissue back at home. Once the gums have receded, they do not return to their original position on their own. Home care can still help, however. Gentle brushing, daily flossing, and using a soft-bristled toothbrush can help prevent the recession from getting worse. Toothpaste for sensitivity may reduce discomfort, but it will not cover the root. A dentist is needed to treat the cause and protect the tooth.
How are exposed roots treated?
There are numerous options for treating exposed roots. The option that will work best is largely based on the degree of gum recession or damage in and around the tooth.
Dental cleaning and gum treatment
If gum disease is causing the exposed root, the first step may be a deep cleaning. This is also called scaling and root planing. The dentist or hygienist removes plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the root surfaces. This helps reduce bacteria and inflammation. It may also help stop the recession from progressing. In more advanced cases, periodontal treatment may be needed.
Bonding or fillings
If the exposed root is sensitive or at risk for decay, the dentist may cover it with bonding material. This material is shaped over the exposed area to protect the root and reduce sensitivity. If decay has already formed on the root, a filling may be needed. Root surfaces are more vulnerable than enamel, so treating decay early is important.
Gum grafting
For more severe gum recession, a gum graft may be recommended. This procedure uses tissue to cover the exposed root. The tissue may come from another part of your mouth or another source, depending on the case.
Root canal or extraction
If the tooth is infected, a root canal may be needed to save it. If the tooth is too loose, badly decayed, or damaged beyond repair, removal may be the best option. The missing tooth can often be replaced with an implant, bridge, or denture.
Related Article: Are exposed tooth roots common?